Tolkappiyam

Tolkappiyam
Tolkappiyam,
 
Name des ältesten erhaltenen Werks der Tamilliteratur, einer Grammatik und Poetik des Tamil von einem unbekannten Autor. Entstanden vielleicht im 1. Jahrhundert v. Chr., Schlussredaktion wohl im 5. Jahrhundert; die etwa 1 600 Aphorismen sind in drei Bücher eingeteilt: 1) Phonetik und Morphologie; 2) Morphologie, Morphosyntax und Semantik; 3) Metrik und Regeln zu Form und Inhalt von Dichtung. Trotz offensichtlicher Einflüsse der Sanskritgrammatiker ist das Tolkappiyam eine eigenständige, von der Sprachstruktur des Tamil bestimmte Leistung. Die Poetik wurde in der Sangamliteratur angewendet.

Universal-Lexikon. 2012.

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